Trophime saint, traditionally considered as the evangelist of Arles, was undoubtedly one of the first bishops, towards the end of IIe century or the beginning of the III ^E. It is to the IX ^E century that certain hagiographal confused it with another Trophime, cousin and disciple of Paul saint.

Arrived in Arles into 46, it would have accommodated holy Maries, holy Madeleine and Lazare in the Camargue. Withdrawn in a cave of the surroundings, on which the abbey of Montmajour will be built thereafter, it would have then set up an oratory in Alyscamps dedicated to the Virgin.

Its relics were transferred in the Saint-Etienne cathedral into 972, then installed solemnly and definitively in the building rebuilds two centuries later.